Tetracyclines are considered firstline therapy for a number of infections, including those caused by rickettsia most notably rocky mountain spotted fever, ehrlichia and anaplasma spp. Print this fact sheet and bring it with you to the emergency room. Further reading all about condoms prep book a test. It is most effective when started within 24 hours, but it must be started within 72 hours after a possible exposure to continue reading what is pep. Postexposure prophylaxis, or pep, is a course of two or three drugs that will lower your chance of infection if youve been exposed to hiv. Postexposure prophylaxis in children and adolescents for. Postexposure prophylaxis was found in johns hopkins guides. Guidelines for postexposure prophylaxis pep for occupational and nonoccupational eg, sexual, needlesharing exposures to hiv have been published by the us public health service, but they do not directly address nonoccupational hiv. Pep is the use of antiretroviral drugs after a single highrisk event to stop hiv seroconversion. Preexposure prophylaxis prep hiv risk and prevention hiv. The what is pep fact sheet has information about pep and what to expect when you go for a pep evaluation. Postexposure prophylaxis pep exposure to hiv is a medical emergency.
Find a provider book online with select physicians. Exposure to human immunodeficiency virus hiv can occur in a number of situations unique to, or more common among, children and adolescents. Whatever strategy you use, consider the options available and make the choices that are right for you. Postexposure prophylaxis for common infectious diseases. In supersession to the existing guidelines on post exposure prophylaxis pep, it has been decided to revise the guidelines regarding recommendations and regimen used for post exposure prophylaxis. Occupational exposure, post exposure prophylaxis slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pep is a combination of 23 medications to prevent acquisition of hiv for people who have had a potential exposure to the virus either through direct contact with body fluids or through sex or sharing injection equipment with someone who might have hiv. Prep preexposure prophylaxis prep is a drug taken by hivnegative people before and after sex that reduces the risk of getting hiv. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Knowledge regarding postexposure prophylaxis of hiv among. Preexposure prophylaxis or prep is a way for people who do not have hiv but who are at very high risk of getting hiv to prevent hiv infection by taking a pill. Postexposure prophylaxis, also known as postexposure prevention pep, is any preventive medical treatment started after exposure to a pathogen in order to. Treatment is generally initiated after coordination with occupational health and infectious disease service and based the the exposed patients vaccination history. Definition of postexposure prophylaxis medicinenet.
In order to determine whether postexposure prophylaxis is indicated, an evaluation visit will be conducted to consider risk factors associated with developing hiv. An exposure may mean having unprotected sex with someone who has hiv or someone you are concerned may have hiv. Key points postexposure prophylaxis pep means taking hiv medicines very soon after a possible exposure to hiv to prevent becoming infected with hiv. Occupational postexposure prophylaxis opep definition.
Cdc releases updated guidelines for postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug, or other nonoccupational exposures to hiv. Postexposure prophylaxis pep, for example, might concern the treatment of a health care worker exposed by a needle stick to hiv with a drug such as azt to protect them from being infected with hiv. Oral preexposure prophylaxis prep containing tdf should be offered as an additional prevention choice for people at substantial risk of hiv infection as part. The purpose of occupational postexposure prophylaxis opep is to. Federal and bestpractice recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis pep decisions. Willingness to use hiv preexposure prophylaxis among opiate users. In the context of hiv, postexposure prophylaxis, often shortened to pep, refers to a pill you can take shortly after suspected exposure to the virus. Postexposure prophylaxis pep is effective in preventing illness after potential or documented exposure to a variety of microbial pathogens and in reducing the risk of secondary spread of infection.
The guidelines concerning the viral load of the source patient have recently changed. Prophylaxis is a treatment that helps you prevent an infection from bacteria, fungus, a virus, or a parasite either before you come in contact with the bug or after youve been exposed postexposure prophylaxis, or pep, means you take it after you may have come into contact with one of those bugs. Effectiveness of hepatitis a vaccination as postexposure prophylaxis. Updated guidelines for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after. Pep will prevent infection if taken quickly enough. The revised guidelines are as follows pep recommendations a. The mainstay of postexposure prophylaxis pep is hepatitis b vaccine, but, in certain circumstances, hepatitis b immune globulin is recommended in addition to vaccine for.
Farcet mr, planitzer cb, stein o, modrof j, kreil tr. Pep must be started as soon as possible to be effectiveand always within 72 hours. Pep postexposure prophylaxis is a monthlong course of drugs to help prevent hiv infection that is taken after a possible exposure to hiv. The elevated effectiveness of hav vaccination for pep in ha outbreaks, similar to that of. Revised guidelines for post exposure prophylaxis pep for hiv. Postexposure prophylaxis for hiv and hbv may reduce the risk of transmission if administered soon after the exposure. Postexposure prophylaxis pep understanding hivaids. Pep must be started within 72 hours 3 days after a possible exposure to hiv.
Malaria chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Johns hopkins guide app for ios, iphone, ipad, and android included. Postexposure prophylaxis pep is a medication you take within 72 hours after you may have been exposed to hiv and which helps to prevent infection. Interim statement regarding potential fetal harm from exposure to dolutegravir implications for hiv postexposure prophylaxis pep. Postexposure prophylaxis pep is a daily pill regimen taken for 28 days that prevents hiv infection after coming into contact with. These medications keep hiv from making copies of itself and spreading through your body. It is not meant for regular use by people who may be exposed to hiv frequently.
S, the cdc, and current literature provide information on identifying, managing, and following up on potential exposures to hiv and hepatitis b and c. Payment options for postexposure prophylaxis following nonoccupational exposures including sexual assault npep sexual assault chapter 39 of the laws of 2012 amending section 2805i of public health law requires hospitals to provide the first seven days of medication to victims of sexual assault. Postexposure prophylaxis pep involves taking antihiv medications as soon as possible after you may have been exposed to hiv to try to reduce the chance of becoming hiv positive. If the patient is known to have undetectable hiv viral load pep. Pep medication hiv treatment post exposure ending hiv. By julie dumond, pharmd, michelle roland, md and angela kashuba, pharmd based on presentations at prn by michelle roland, md, and angela dm kashuba, pharmd julie brumer dumond, pharmd hiv pharmacology fellow. After exposure to hepatitis b virus hbv, appropriate and timely prophylaxis can prevent hbv infection and subsequent development of chronic infection or liver disease. A practical guide adele visser mbchb senior registrar department clinical pathology, university of pretoria, national health laboratory sen. Safety and efficacy results of simulated postexposure. Pep is a combination of 23 medications to prevent acquisition of hiv for people who have had a potential exposure to the virus either through direct contact with body fluids or through sex or sharing injection equipment with someone who might.
Shortterm treatment started as soon as possible after highrisk occupational exposure to an infectious agent, such as hiv, hepatitis b virus hbv, or hepatitis c virus hcv. Initiation of postexposure prophylaxis with the use of antiretroviral drugs is dependent on a number of risk factors, though treatment is usually started after one highrisk event. Postexposure prophylaxis pep means taking hiv medicines very soon after a possible exposure to hiv to prevent becoming infected with hiv. Although nearly universally fatal if left untreated, postexposure prophylaxis pep for individuals with suspected exposure to rabies is uniformly effective when appropriately administered. An example of a highrisk occupational exposure is exposure to an infectious agent as the result of a needlestick injury in a health care setting.
Before the licensing of ha vaccines, ha postexposure prophylaxis pep was based on the. Nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis and antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in the male and female genital tracts. Pep must be started as soon as possible to be effectiveand always within 72 hours of a possible exposure. If the source patients hiv serology is subsequently found to be negative and has no symptoms of acute infection, post exposure prophylaxis can be discontinued and no further follow up for hiv testing is necessary. Book appointments online with einstein internal medicine of philadelphia, pa.
Learn about who pep is for, when you should take it. Payment options for post exposure prophylaxis following. Patients can be exposed through sexual contact or through exposure to infected blood or bloodcontaminated body fluids. Postexposure prophylaxis to prevent hepatitis b virus infection mmwr 2018. Pep postexposure prophylaxis for hiv terrence higgins. A treatment administered following exposure to a harmful agent which attempts to block or reduce injury or infection.